{"id":939,"date":"2025-11-03T12:29:36","date_gmt":"2025-11-03T09:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/riyadhlawreview.org\/?p=939"},"modified":"2025-11-03T12:55:58","modified_gmt":"2025-11-03T09:55:58","slug":"the-idea-of-criminalising-bribery-in-ancient-societies-and-abrahamic-religions-judaism-christianity-and-islam-a-comparative-analytical-study","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/riyadhlawreview.org\/ar\/the-idea-of-criminalising-bribery-in-ancient-societies-and-abrahamic-religions-judaism-christianity-and-islam-a-comparative-analytical-study\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"939\" class=\"elementor elementor-939\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3572d946 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3572d946\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77134de2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77134de2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Majid Hashim Kelani<\/strong><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/ACA6E56B-084A-4CAC-9BA8-EC96A2E65A46#_ftn1\"><strong><sup><strong><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/strong><\/sup><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.65271\/ISYA9071\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.65271\/ISYA9071<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>The research showcases the history of the criminalization of bribery in the Pharaonic, Ptolemaic and Roman civilizations, and then in the three Abrahamic religions: Jewish, Christian and Islam religions. The research attempts to understand the criminalizing of this act at the historical, legal, religious, and moral levels. The paper helps alert the general public, public officials, and employees to the seriousness of that act and how it should not be underestimated.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Keywords:\u00a0<\/strong><em>History of law, history of the crime of bribery, Pharaonic civilization, Ptolemaic era, Roman era, Saudi anti-bribery system, Jewish law, Christian religion, Islamic law<\/em><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/ACA6E56B-084A-4CAC-9BA8-EC96A2E65A46#_ftnref1\"><strong><sup><strong><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/strong><\/sup><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0PhD in the Department of Private Law, specialising in Philosophy and History of Law, Arab Republic of Egypt.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d013a8f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d013a8f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e35304 elementor-align-justify elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1e35304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/riyadhlawreview.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RLR-SB00003-Proof-Kelani-Final.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Majid Hashim Kelani[1] DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.65271\/ISYA9071 Abstract: The research showcases the history of the criminalization of bribery in the Pharaonic, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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